The Thunders came to say good bye
The Thunders came to say good night
The Thunders came to say to her
See you on the other side.
The Thunders came to say good bye
The Thunders came to say good night
The Thunders came to say to her
See you on the other side.
The recent passing of Vince Fontaine founding member of Eagle
and Hawk has caused me to reflect on their outstanding collection of Indigenous
rock and roll. For those who know songs like Sundancer, Cowboys and Indians, I SeeRed, Indian city and their cover of Keith Secola’s Indian Car are the top songs in the Eagle
and Hawk canon . And they all deserve to be heard because they are wonderful
examples of contemporary Indigenous music that speak to Indigenous issues.
Another September is a song that doesn't reference Indigenous
identity but is about love, regret, broken hearts and getting through one more
day. It’s not for kids. It’s not someone singing about how they used to go driving
back in high school. This is about a grown up who has seen some things “The
Children are all married, another Soldier’s been buried.” Then the kicker, “The
Jets moved to Phoenix too.”
There is no reference to sex in this song. It is all about
having a partner. Having someone that just wants to be with you. “We used to
drive on up to Winnipeg Beach, You used to laugh at all my bad jokes.”
Songs that work for you do so on all kinds of levels. When I
first fell for this track the opening line, which does put you in a place was
one that I didn’t like. “There's still a dark stain where you spilled your
Pepsi that day.” I got it but I also didn’t like it. As the song grew and the
images in the song and the story that was taking place within in it became clear.
I began to feel that Pepsi stain. It was a fight they had. They argued about
it. Maybe she was wrong. Maybe she was absolutely wrong. But he still had to be
such a dick about it. It was just some goddamn spilled pepsi.
If there is a reference that I feel personally is Indigenous
but is also universal it is the line. “I still wear your daddy’s old coat.”
To get the old man’s coat is a generous gift and if it is one
that is still being worn after all these years it suggest something well made
like a leather or buckskin jacket or a working man’s coat like a mackinaw. It
speaks to the larger connection that has been lost that he was once considered
worthy to walk in her father’s moccasins.
Interweaved into the song are very specific references to
municipal corruption “The city's got bigger, he's got two terms go figure” in
the beginning and “Another mayor's been busted, they still cant be trusted”
towards the end. It all adds up to
creating a complete universe. A moment in time in a real world that is so specific
in details in creates an emotional response in the listener.
The Pepsi stain isn’t just the mess in your life that you
can’t clean up it represents that piece of your life that you can’t let go.
“I still stare at the stain on the floor. And your silver
bracelet is still in the top drawer, Oh Hear me Know”.
*
If Indigenous artists like Eagle and Hawk would receive the kind of radio support from Canadian and Indigenous radio that they deserve more of these songs would be known.
-30-
I remember the day that Prime Minister Stephen Harper apologized for Canada’s role in operating the Indian Residential School System. The sky was overcast and ready to cry and the trees were leaning in.
We were on
our way to Sundance and were now parked on the gravel shoulder of highway
number 6 listening to his speech live on the car radio in the middle of
Manitoba’s boreal forest.
I am
travelling with a Residential School Survivor who isn’t much older than I am. I
didn’t know that. Not until I returned
home to Grand Rapids and started working with Survivors at the Misipawistik
Wechetowin Healing Program. I didn’t know that it happened to people in my
generation.
I can tell
you that my travel companion was tough and did not like Stephen Harper. It
seemed that not many Indigenous peoples were fans of Stephen Harper and his
Conservative Government.
Nevertheless,
here we sat on the side of the highway one hundred kilometres from where we
were coming from and over 400 kilometres from where we were going waiting to
hear him speak. We rolled down the windows and smoked. I didn’t smoke much until
I started working with Survivors but I was smoking a lot then, sometimes you
needed a smoke to talk, sometimes you needed one to listen.
There were
few other vehicles on the highway that morning somewhere near Devil’s Lake where
the bush is thick and the only thing on the radio is CBC. The grey sky lowed
and hugged the tops of the tamarack and pine.
The silence
lifted that lone voice in the wilderness up to the sky with the smoke of our
tobacco. It was clear that no matter what we had thought of this man the
sincerity in his voice and his apology that morning was true. When his voice
broke, my tough friend whispered, “he’s going to cry”.
It mattered
and I will never forget that day. It is one of my “Do you remember where you
were when you heard?” moments. In the days and years since people and history
will say whatever and parse words but I remember where I was and what I felt
when I heard Prime Minister Stephen Harper Apologize in the House of Commons to
the Survivors of the Indian Residential Schools System.
It should
be regarded as one of the high points in Canadian Indigenous reconciliation,
but it isn’t and it is this bizzarro world called Canada in which the
Conservative government’s Indigenous record is ignored or forgotten.
It is
though the Conservatives can only be judged on John A. McDonald’s record
despite the fact that Liberals have been running the country for the majority
of its modern history and bear the responsibility for maintaining the Indian
Residential School System during their time in power.
Taking a
historical analysis of post war Canada shows that a Conservative government has
been good for Indigenous rights and reconciliation.
The
Conservatives did not get into power after World War II until 1957 after 22
years of Liberal rule. In 1960, Prime Minister John Diefenbaker granted First
Nations the right to vote. Until then a First Nations person would have to
enfranchise or give up their Indigenous Rights in order to vote. Diefenbaker’s
defense of equality for Indigenous Peoples was something he expressed as a
young lawyer defending First Nations and Metis people back home in Saskatchewan.
His actions noted in the groundbreaking autobiography Halfbreed by Metis author
Maria Campbell. “He would represent anyone rich or poor, red or white. If they
had a case and no money he would help,” wrote Campbell about Diefenbaker
adding. “He helped us and the important thing was he did so when no one else
would.”
Nine years
later in 1969, Pierre Elliot Trudeau and the Liberals ruling with a majority
government tried a bureaucratic Genocide called the White Paper that would have
enfranchised all First Nations people with a stroke of a pen.
The Conservatives
would not have a chance to form a truly ruling government for decades, ignoring
the brief and impotent reign of Joe Clark. Brian Mulroney brought them back into majority
rule and in 1991 Mulroney’s government launched the Royal Commission on
Aboriginal Peoples with a goal to a take an exhaustive and critical look at the
relationship between Canada and Indigenous Peoples. The RCAP report is a
defining document in Canada and serves as academic and legal foundation
throughout the country and around the world.
In 1985, Mulroney's government passed Bill C-31 which would remove the gender bias in the Indian Act which removed First Nations status from any woman who married a non-First Nations man. This could be an Indigenous man included Metis, Inuit or a First Nations Man who had already lost his status. It was one of the most heinous means of bureaucratic genocide and it was upheld for almost a century before a majority Conservative government changed the law.
In one of Mulroney’s
last official Acts he signed the Nunuvut Land Agreement on May 25, 1993
creating the largest Indigenous controlled territory in North America. The
Nunuvut Territory would become official under a Liberal government but this was
when it was made. It is a day, I would imagine, that some Inuit remember “where
they were the day that they heard”.
On June 12,
2008, it was a Conservative Prime Minister who gave me the grandchild of a
Residential survivor and a Survivor a moment of healing and reconciliation. It
was that same Conservative Prime Minister Stephen Harper who 10 days earlier on
June 2, 2008 launched the Truth and Reconciliation Commission an act that to
this day defines who we are as a country.
I am not
going to defend all the actions or policies of the past Conservative Governments
but I do think it is important to look at these facts in their real time and
historical context. The belief that a Conservative government is always bad for
Indigenous rights and reconciliation is not accurate.
-30-
Me and the Mandalorian
Were riding in a Delorian
He said you want to go Exploreean
I said Yeah
I said Yeah, Yeah, Yeah
Me and the Mandalorian
We were singing Gloria and
We picked up Van Morrison
We said La
We said La La La
It's True The Mandalorian
Is quite the historian
He'll teach everything you missed
Everything Indigenous
Heya Hey
Heya Hey Hey Ya
Yeah, Yeah, Yeah
Yeah Yeah Yeah
Yeah YEAH
La La LA
La LA la
La LA
Heya Hey
Heya Hey Hey Ya
Heya Hey
Heya Hey Hey Ya
(Chorus)
In the service of the Lord, Lord, Lord
In the service of the Lord
In the service of the Lord, Lord, Lord
Living in the service of the Lord
When I did not want to walk no more
I started walking in the service of the Lord
(repeat)
(Chorus)
I could not stand a life of just Me, Me, Me
I started living in the service of the Lord
(repeat )
(Chorus)
When I did not want to Live no more
I started living in the service of the Lord
(repeat )
(Chorus)
I started
Living
In
The Service of
The Lord
Amen
I don’t know why I had to go
I had the time that day
That much I can say
I would make an offering
Place tobacco on the ice before the break
Before solid becomes liquid on Clearwater Lake
It is two days after spring
The transformation begins
Today I can walk on the water
Soon I will swim
It is my wife’s teaching
Anishinaabe ways
I carry all those good things
With me to this day
Tobacco on ice
Not clear crystalline
Prayers giving thanks
For my life, my wife and all our children
Asking strength for the sick
Sick from affliction
Sick from confliction
Sick from addiction
Still Frozen Clearwater Lake
I did what I was told
I made my offering and prayer
Now it was time to drive home
*
Standing on frozen sand and a sudden wave of memory
6 years old sitting in a wooden Adirondack deck chair for
the first time it comes to me
Metis families and new friends laughing and mingling about
in bright colors and sunshine and the clearest water in the world and laughter
and laughter
It was some kind of Metis thing.
Some kind of Metis thing.
It wasn’t just us.
Just our family.
It was the first time I knew that the Metis Nation was bigger
than us.
It was my parents work and others in the early days of the MMF
An expression of the dreams of a dozen or so people not so
many years ago
That brought us together and created that moment of sun
speckled unity in a glorious pastel rainbow
I knew that I would be applying for membership
To go and speak about a Federation
That is for all of us
*
Without Historic Metis Communities we will have no rights
Without Land there is no Homeland
No Land No Nation.
*
That is where you are from
Said My Mom
After the hospital in The Pas
That is where we went
We were living in that unheated cabin
With ice coming through the walls
On Clearwater Lake
Where in our poverty
She broke from the contemporary colonial orthodoxy
That formula is best for babies
They made people believe that powder produced in the factory
is the future and proper path
Mom breastfed me out of desperation like John Steinbeck’s
Rose O’Sharon in Grapes of Wrath
I was breast fed rebellion
On Clearwater Lake
It has been half a century
I am finally awake
-30-
One month after The Chief died
His jersey was marked down and discounted to half price
Less than half price on the official Toronto Maple Leafs' online store
George Armstrong was a Toronto Maple Leaf for 21 years
He was captain for 13 and he led the team to 4 Stanley Cups
I stole that from a Wikipedia page
And that line from the Hip
He was the greatest captain during the greatest run in the
greatest franchise in English Canadian Hockey History.
He was the Chief
And when the broadcasters eulogized on his nickname they
suggest it was a simpler time back then
It wasn’t meant as an insult.
It wasn’t racist.
That is the subtext to what they were really saying
Classic Canadian Erasure
It was a simpler time back then.
First Nations were still being restricted by an Apartheid
like Pass system when he became a Leaf in 1950
It was a simpler time back then
Children were being dragged away to residential schools and
ads in newspapers are selling 60’s scoops to rich White folks around the
country and south of the border.
It was a simpler time back then
He played the first 10 years with no right to vote for First
Nations across the country represented by the Maple Leaf he wore on his chest.
It was a simpler time back then
Indigenous Veterans were being neglected on the streets of
the city, the gravel roads and bush trails across the country after serving in World War II.
Even Tommy Prince, Canada’s greatest Warrior would not be
treated Equal as Canada’s greatest cowards.
They sold their rights to be Indian to fight for Canadian
Freedom and were discounted after their service.
Marked down and discounted.
Marked down and discounted.
Marked down and discounted.
They should not have said that they called him Chief because
it was a simpler time back then.
They should have said the truth.
They called him Chief
Because he was the Chief.
He had been through more than anyone in that room.
He was hardened.
Hard as flint scraping and scorching shards of steel into
molten balls of fire.
He was the Man.
He was the Leader.
He was the Captain.
He was the Chief.
***
I swear.
Once I heard an Oriole
Riffing with John Coltrane on a sunny day
Just outside our open window
It was the first day of spring
Equinox was the song
*
Here in the swamp
Back da bush
The frogs are incessant
Incessant in their song of life
*
Sing me into this new world
I have been resurrected again
Waking up from the dream world
I rise from the frozen mud
Despite once indistinguishable
Only moments ago
One and the same
From Mother Earth
Only moments ago
Silent as death
Yet I rise and sing to the sun
I sing to the clouds
I sing to the rain
I sing for the water creatures
I sing for the land creatures
I sing for the in-betweens
I sing for the creatures in this world
I sing for the creatures in the Dream World
I sing for myself and for life
I sing the blossoms exploding
**
Flowers light the way to Medicine Plants and berries
Wild roses follow along the trail and then
Those myriad tiny orchid blossoms tangerine with bright red tips
The wind blows and they dance like schools of angel fish
White flowers amongst thorns promise luscious blackcaps
Ready to be picked just before Powwow song and dance
Rivulets of sweet joy run down Sugar Maple and Black Walnut
The Maple reveals golden amber delight
In the Black Walnut - decadent dark chocolate ambrosia
Molasses thick with sweet medicine and magic
Smoke fills the sugar shack
Children share memories of the Forest Fall Fair
Steam clouds filled with the aroma of cotton candy float
in the air
***
The robins flock and boss their way around the yards
The crimson cardinal, the blue of the Jay, the yellow
of finches flash
The trumpet of the swans, the whoop of the cranes beckon beyond
The revealing patterns in the drumming of the woodpecker’s version
of song
The tickety tick tap tapping of little striped ones feverishly
hopping from this branch to the next one
The feisty red heads that find a branch that can boom and spend
the day pounding on it like the reincarnation of Keith Moon
The Pileated that is the size of a duck but rarely seen revealed
only by its distinct heavy hammering knock knock
Though last spring with my 3 red headed grandchildren in truck
We saw 3 Pileated Woodpeckers all sitting together on that
stump
I could practically touch the trio they were that near
Perhaps one day the legendary Ghost Bird will appear
***
Word will soon come that old so and so hooked some bass out where
no will say
Springtime explodes in Kettle and Stoney Point in a glorious
way
Explodes with color, sweetness, song, magic and life
Explodes like thousands of frogs singing after a warm spring
rain
Explodes like Orioles riffing to Equinox with John Coltrane.
-30-
A Chippewa woman
With her sick baby,
Crouched in the last hours
Of a great storm.
The Forsaken – Duncan Campbell Scott
Deputy Superintendent Indian Affairs 1913-1932
I picked it up in London, Ontario at that Goodwill bookstore
on Wellington near the 402 with an eclectic selection and cheap prices. It is the bookstore you love to wander into when you have a handful of minutes to spare and a
couple of toonies in your pocket.
Among other scores, I purchased a scuffed but well preserved
47-year old paperback copy of Poets of Contemporary Canada 1960-1970 for
50 cents, a two-dollar saving from its 1972 price. The poets listed on the
cover included Margaret Atwood, Leonard Cohen, Michaeal Ondaatje and the
legendary Al Purdy.
It was just what I was looking for, I was returning to
northern Manitoba and a vintage paperback is the perfect travel companion,
lightweight, well-made and small enough to fit into any bag and most pockets. New Canadian
Library books have a nostalgic vibe that long time Canadian readers or readers
of Canadiana will know. The iconic covers often featured inscrutable artwork with experimental color combinations.
This one is metallic blue and army green with artwork that
is mostly black with the metallic blue highlighting a woman and who I thought
was some kind of mountain scene until about 5 minutes ago.
I know the imprint from hours scouring bookshelves in Sally
Annes, VV’s and Goodie shops. The nostalgia is real here, the look and feel of
the NCL title in my hand connects me to my final year of high school. I am reading
Stephen Leacock’s Sunshine Sketches of a Little Town late at night on my
bunk in residence of the Frontier Collegiate Institute, Cranberry Portage, Manitoba in the winter of 1980.
I skipped immediately to the contributions of Cohen, the only poet that had
been included in earlier collections of The New Poetry series. It is of course,
magnificent and heard in that unforgettable baritone especially on works widely known as songs such as “Suzanne Takes You Down” and “I Believe You Heard
your Master Sing”.
In my perusal of the book I soon came across Al
Purdy’s “Beothuk skeleton behind Glass Case” and was disturbed by poem and poet. It led me to examine all the work and reveal the skeletons of Genocide in the closet
of Canada’s most revered poets.
The collection begins with the late Purdy a touchstone of
contemporary Canadian poetry and who in this slim selection has written some of the
most well known poetic acknowledgements of Genocide.
In “INNUIT” Purdy describes witnessing the ancient that once
existed. Purdy sees the Indigenous spirit in an Inuit carver and declares that
the person is a ghost of his greater self.
An old man carving soapstone
With the race-soul of the people
THE PEOPLE
Moving somewhere
Behind his eyes
He returns to similar territory in “Lament for the Dorsets” but it is “Beothuk Indian Behind a Glass Case” that speaks Canada's truth. It is the cold-blooded detachment which he expresses towards a trophy of real and grotesque Genocide that reveals the hidden story within.
I ought to feel sadness here
But I can’t
Only a slight amazement
At the gawking tourists
That these specimens survived
And this man behind the glass
case did not
The Purdy contribution ends fittingly with “Remains of an
Indian Village” published in 1961, one year after First Nations received the
right to vote.
Milton Acorn follows and his contribution “Poem for the
Astronauts” is complimentary but the positive perspective is given to one who
no longer exists. The sexualization of the exotic other is another trope
favoured by poets on both sides of the border.
An Indian running the desert
Kept a stone under his tongue
To drink the saliva, and
His skin remembered a thousand
light touches
-the
fingers of his beloved.
George Bowering’s Indian Summer includes lines that should be widely considered among the most offensive in Canadian Literature.
The
Indians I think
Are dead, you cant
Immortalize them, a
Leaf presst between
Pages becomes a
Page
John Newlove places Indigenous Peoples in some Manifest Destiny Circle of Hell in his ode to another First White Man to See tale, “Samuel Hearne in Wintertime”.
Hell smeared with manure,
Hell half-full of raw hides,
Hell of sweat, Indians, stale
fat,
Meat-hell, fear-hell, hell of
cold.
The poem ends in a brutal stanza that speaks to the inbred Canadian scourge of Murder and Missing Indigenous women and girls. Newlove describes the
agonizing death of an Indigenous girl like some creature commonly hunted.
There was that Eskimo girl
At Bloody Falls at your feet
Samuel Hearne, with two spears in
her
You helpless before your helpers
And she twisted about them like
an eel, dying, never to know
Newlove’s lengthy “Pride” tries to capture the romantic past
of Indigenous Peoples and concludes with the spirit of Indigenous people
being eaten alive. The parasitic desire to swallow another culture is lovingly expressed.
In our bodies entire, until at
last
We become them
With a skeleton child, preserved
In the desert air, curled
beside a clay pot and some beads
The younger version of the Grande Dame of Canadian Literature is suitably disturbed although one would be hard pressed to find a reflection of Canada’s true history in her work unless "A Handmaiden’s Tale" was inspired by the Indian Residential Schools System. (The schools were in full operation when the book was published.)
Gwendolyn MacEwen is the discovery of the collection for me I
can well imagine that small joy that would fill me to one day come across a collection
of her works in a second-hand store. Her reference to Indigenous peoples is
again complimentary but the reference is to a distant past and lingers with the sexual exotic stereotype in “The Last Breakfast”.
You think of dark men running
through the earth
On their naked, splendid feet.
“Reports in These Killed” from Michael Ondaatje award
winning The Collected Works of Billy the Kid again treat Indigenous men
as less than other humans.
Joe Bernstain, 3 Indians
A blacksmith when I was twelve,
with a knife.
5 Indians in self-defence (behind
a very safe rock)
That very safe rock has always been the vantage point for
many Canadians when viewing their history and the responsibility of their ancestors
and governments for the Genocide of Indigenous Peoples.
It takes work to maintain the illusion of Canada versus the
reality. For years Canadians have looked down their noses at their American
cousins and the horrific history of Native Americans. As the true history of
Canada becomes unveiled can they look at themselves with an equally critical
eye. The schools, the churches and the government have been held accountable to
some degree; but a hidden Genocide requires more than perpetrators perhaps it
needs poets.